Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia
نویسنده
چکیده
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) is an acute to chronic viral disease of salmonids that causes serious economic problems in rainbow trout cultured in several European countries. Although this disease has not been detected in North America, it is included here as a disease of significant concern. The disease was first recognized by Schaeperclaus in Germany in 1938. In 1949, the disease was named Egtved disease after an outbreak in Denmark near a village of that name. In 1966, the Oftice Intematlonale d’Epizooties recommended that the name be changed to viral hemorrhagic septicemia to reduce confusion due to the names used in the various European countries where it occurs (Roberts 1978). Viral hemorrhagic septicemia is caused by a bullet-shaped virus similar in size and shape to the virus that causes infectous hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) in North American salmonids. The VHS virus can be distinguished from IHN by specific serum neutralization tests (McAllister et al. 1974). Losses to VHS among infected rainbow trout fingerlings often exceed 90%. If fish are exposed for the first time at older ages, the resultant disease is more chronic and has a more prolonged course. Losses can be severe in cold water under crowded, stressful situations, even among older fish. The disease is transmitted by contact and from fish to fish through the water (Rasmussen 1965). If parent to progeny transmission occurs, it is suspected that the virus is spread as a contaminant during spawning operations rather than by the virus being carried within the egg (Roberts 1978). Outbreaks of VHS are most common and most severe during the winter. Losses taper off in the spring as water temperatures rise, cease during the summer, then recur sporadically in the fall. As for other viral diseases, there is no therapy for VHS. Avoidance is the only successful control technique (Ghittino 1965).
منابع مشابه
Genetic analysis of the complete G gene of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) genotype Ie isolates from Turkey
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is an enveloped non-segmented, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus that Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is an enveloped non-segmented, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus that belongs to the Novirhabdovirus genus of the family Rhabdoviridae. This virus causes economically significant diseases of farmed rainbow trout, in Turkey, wh...
متن کاملGenetic analysis of the complete G gene of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) genotype Ie isolates from Turkey
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is an enveloped non-segmented, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus that belongs to the Novirhabdovirus genus of the family Rhabdoviridae. This virus causes economically significant diseases in farmed rainbow trout, in Turkey, which is often associated with the transmission of pathogens from European resources. In this study, moribund rainbow trou...
متن کاملبررسی طغیانهای سپتیسمی خونریزیدهنده ویروسی (Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia) و عوامل مؤثر بر آن در مزرعههای ماهی قزلآلای کشور در سال 1393: یک مطالعه مقطعی
Background and Objectives: In Iran, rainbow trout farms exist in almost all provinces. Viral hemorrhagic septicemia is one of the most important infectious diseases of the rainbow trout which is a serious threat to the farming industry. This study was conducted to investigate outbreaks in 2014 and identify important determinants of the agent entry and disease occurrence in the farms. Methods: ...
متن کاملRegulatory effects of cis- and trans-LncRNAs on differential expression of genes following infection with viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
In this study the cis and trans regulatory effect of long non-coding genes (lncRNA) on the expression of genes in fish infected by Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHS) was investigated using RNA-seq technology. At the end of experimental period (the thirty fifth day), total RNA was extracted from spleen tissue (group treated with virus) and physiological serum (control group) was used to pr...
متن کاملComplete Genome Sequence of Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus Isolated from an Olive Flounder in South Korea
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is a seriously problematic pathogen in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) aquaculture farms in South Korea. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of VHSV which was isolated from spleen and kidney tissues of dead fish at an aquaculture farm in 2005. This genome sequence will be useful for virus diagnostics and in comparative analyses with oth...
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